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.. _flex:
====
Flex
====
Overview
********
The Flexbox (or Flex for short) is a subset of `CSS Flexbox <https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/>`__.
It can arrange items into rows or columns (tracks), handle wrapping,
adjust the spacing between the items and tracks, handle *grow* to make
the item(s) fill the remaining space with respect to min/max width and
height.
To make an object flex container call
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_layout(obj, LV_LAYOUT_FLEX)`.
Note that the flex layout feature of LVGL needs to be globally enabled
with :c:macro:`LV_USE_FLEX` in ``lv_conf.h``.
Terms
*****
- **tracks**: the rows or columns
- **main direction**: row or column, the direction in which the items are
placed
- **cross direction**: perpendicular to the main direction
- **wrap**: if there is no more space in the track a new track is started
- **grow**: if set on an item it will grow to fill the remaining space on
the track. The available space will be distributed among items
respective to their grow value (larger value means more space)
- **gap**: the space between the rows and columns or the items on a track
Simple interface
****************
With the following functions you can set a Flex layout on any parent.
.. _flex_flow:
Flex flow
---------
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_flex_flow(obj, flex_flow)`
The possible values for ``flex_flow`` are:
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_ROW`: Place the children in a row without wrapping
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_COLUMN`: Place the children in a column without wrapping
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_ROW_WRAP`: Place the children in a row with wrapping
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_COLUMN_WRAP`: Place the children in a column with wrapping
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_ROW_REVERSE`: Place the children in a row without wrapping but in reversed order
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_COLUMN_REVERSE`: Place the children in a column without wrapping but in reversed order
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_ROW_WRAP_REVERSE`: Place the children in a row with wrapping but in reversed order
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_COLUMN_WRAP_REVERSE`: Place the children in a column with wrapping but in reversed order
.. _flex_align:
Flex align
----------
To manage the placement of the children use
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_flex_align(obj, main_place, cross_place, track_cross_place)`
- ``main_place`` determines how to distribute the items in their track
on the main axis. E.g. flush the items to the right on :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_FLOW_ROW_WRAP`. (It's called
``justify-content`` in CSS)
- ``cross_place`` determines how to distribute the items in their track
on the cross axis. E.g. if the items have different height place them
to the bottom of the track. (It's called ``align-items`` in CSS)
- ``track_cross_place`` determines how to distribute the tracks (It's
called ``align-content`` in CSS)
The possible values are:
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_START`: means left on a horizontally and top vertically (default)
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_END`: means right on a horizontally and bottom vertically
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_CENTER`: simply center
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_SPACE_EVENLY`: items are distributed so
that the spacing between any two items (and the space to the edges) is
equal. Does not apply to ``track_cross_place``.
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_SPACE_AROUND`: items are evenly
distributed in the track with equal space around them. Note that
visually the spaces aren't equal, since all the items have equal space
on both sides. The first item will have one unit of space against the
container edge, but two units of space between the next item because
that next item has its own spacing that applies. Not applies to
``track_cross_place``.
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_SPACE_BETWEEN`: items are evenly distributed in
the track: first item is on the start line, last item on the end line. Not applies to ``track_cross_place``.
.. _flex_grow:
Flex grow
---------
Flex grow can be used to make one or more children fill the available
space on the track. When more children have grow parameters, the
available space will be distributed proportionally to the grow values.
For example, there is 400 px remaining space and 4 objects with grow:
- ``A`` with grow = 1
- ``B`` with grow = 1
- ``C`` with grow = 2
``A`` and ``B`` will have 100 px size, and ``C`` will have 200 px size.
Flex grow can be set on a child with
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_flex_grow(child, value)`. ``value`` needs to be >
1 or 0 to disable grow on the child.
.. _flex_style:
Style interface
***************
All the Flex-related values are style properties under the hood and you
can use them similarly to any other style property.
The following flex related style properties exist:
- :cpp:enumerator:`FLEX_FLOW`
- :cpp:enumerator:`FLEX_MAIN_PLACE`
- :cpp:enumerator:`FLEX_CROSS_PLACE`
- :cpp:enumerator:`FLEX_TRACK_PLACE`
- :cpp:enumerator:`FLEX_GROW`
.. _flex_padding:
Internal padding
----------------
To modify the minimum space flexbox inserts between objects, the
following properties can be set on the flex container style:
- ``pad_row`` Sets the padding between the rows.
- ``pad_column`` Sets the padding between the columns.
These can for example be used if you don't want any padding between your
objects: :cpp:expr:`lv_style_set_pad_column(&row_container_style,0)`
.. _flex_other:
Other features
**************
RTL
---
If the base direction of the container is set the
:cpp:enumerator:`LV_BASE_DIR_RTL` the meaning of
:cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_START` and
:cpp:enumerator:`LV_FLEX_ALIGN_END` is swapped on ``ROW`` layouts. I.e.
``START`` will mean right.
The items on ``ROW`` layouts, and tracks of ``COLUMN`` layouts will be
placed from right to left.
New track
---------
You can force Flex to put an item into a new line with
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_add_flag(child, LV_OBJ_FLAG_FLEX_IN_NEW_TRACK)`.
.. _flex_example:
Example
*******
.. include:: ../examples/layouts/flex/index.rst
.. _flex_api:
API
***

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.. _grid:
====
Grid
====
Overview
********
The Grid layout is a subset of `CSS Grid <https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/complete-guide-grid/>`__.
It can arrange items into a 2D "table" that has rows or columns
(tracks). The item can span through multiple columns or rows. The
track's size can be set in pixel, to the largest item
(:c:macro:`LV_GRID_CONTENT`) or in "Free unit" (FR) to distribute the free
space proportionally.
To make an object a grid container call :cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_layout(obj, LV_LAYOUT_GRID)`.
Note that the grid layout feature of LVGL needs to be globally enabled
with :c:macro:`LV_USE_GRID` in ``lv_conf.h``.
Terms
*****
- **tracks**: the rows or columns
- **free unit (FR)**: if set on track's size is set in ``FR`` it will grow
to fill the remaining space on the parent.
- **gap**: the space between the rows and columns or the items on a track
Simple interface
****************
With the following functions you can easily set a Grid layout on any
parent.
.. _grid_descriptors:
Grid descriptors
----------------
First you need to describe the size of rows and columns. It can be done
by declaring 2 arrays and the track sizes in them. The last element must
be :c:macro:`LV_GRID_TEMPLATE_LAST`.
For example:
.. code:: c
static int32_t column_dsc[] = {100, 400, LV_GRID_TEMPLATE_LAST}; /*2 columns with 100 and 400 ps width*/
static int32_t row_dsc[] = {100, 100, 100, LV_GRID_TEMPLATE_LAST}; /*3 100 px tall rows*/
To set the descriptors on a parent use
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_grid_dsc_array(obj, col_dsc, row_dsc)`.
Besides simple settings the size in pixel you can use two special
values:
- :c:macro:`LV_GRID_CONTENT` set the size to fit the largest child on this track
- :cpp:expr:`LV_GRID_FR(X)` tell what portion of the remaining space
should be used by this track. Larger value means larger space.
.. _grid_items:
Grid items
----------
By default, the children are not added to the grid. They need to be
added manually to a cell.
To do this call
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_grid_cell(child, column_align, column_pos, column_span, row_align, row_pos, row_span)`.
``column_align`` and ``row_align`` determine how to align the children
in its cell. The possible values are:
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_START`: means left on a horizontally and top vertically (default)
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_END`: means right on a horizontally and bottom vertically
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_CENTER`: simply center ``column_pos`` and ``row_pos``
means the zero based index of the cell into the item should be placed.
``column_span`` and ``row_span`` means how many tracks should the item
involve from the start cell. Must be ``>= 1``.
.. _grid_align:
Grid align
----------
If there are some empty space the track can be aligned several ways:
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_START`: means left on a horizontally and top vertically. (default)
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_END`: means right on a horizontally and bottom vertically
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_CENTER`: simply center
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_SPACE_EVENLY`: items are distributed so that the spacing
between any two items (and the space to the edges) is equal. Not applies to ``track_cross_place``.
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_SPACE_AROUND`: items are
evenly distributed in the track with equal space around them. Note that
visually the spaces aren't equal, since all the items have equal space
on both sides. The first item will have one unit of space against the
container edge, but two units of space between the next item because
that next item has its own spacing that applies. Not applies to ``track_cross_place``.
- :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_SPACE_BETWEEN`: items are
evenly distributed in the track: first item is on the start line, last
item on the end line. Not applies to ``track_cross_place``.
To set the track's alignment use
:cpp:expr:`lv_obj_set_grid_align(obj, column_align, row_align)`.
.. _grid_subgrid:
Sub grid
--------
If you set the column and/or row grid descriptors of a widget to ``NULL`` it will use the grid descriptor(s) from it's parent.
For example if you create a grid item on 2..6 columns and 1..3 rows of the parent,
the grid item will see 5 columns and 4 rows with the corresponding track size from the parent.
This way even if a wrapper item is used on the grid and can be made "transparent" from the grid's point of view.
Limitations:
- The sub grid is resolved only in one level depth. That is a grid can have a sub grid children, but a sub grid can't have another sub grid.
- ``LV_GRID_CONTENT`` tracks on the are not handled in the sub grid, only in the its own grid.
The sub grid feature works the same as in CSS. For further reference see `this description <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_grid_layout/Subgrid>`__.
.. _grid_style:
Style interface
***************
All the Grid related values are style properties under the hood and you
can use them similarly to any other style properties.
The following Grid related style properties exist:
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_COLUMN_DSC_ARRAY`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_ROW_DSC_ARRAY`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_COLUMN_ALIGN`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_ROW_ALIGN`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_CELL_X_ALIGN`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_CELL_COLUMN_POS`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_CELL_COLUMN_SPAN`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_CELL_Y_ALIGN`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_CELL_ROW_POS`
- :cpp:enumerator:`GRID_CELL_ROW_SPAN`
.. _grid_padding:
Internal padding
----------------
To modify the minimum space Grid inserts between objects, the following
properties can be set on the Grid container style:
- ``pad_row`` Sets the padding between the rows.
- ``pad_column`` Sets the padding between the columns.
.. _grid_other:
Other features
**************
RTL
---
If the base direction of the container is set to :cpp:enumerator:`LV_BASE_DIR_RTL`,
the meaning of :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_START` and :cpp:enumerator:`LV_GRID_ALIGN_END` is
swapped. I.e. ``START`` will mean right-most.
The columns will be placed from right to left.
.. _grid_examples:
Example
*******
.. include:: ../examples/layouts/grid/index.rst
.. _grid_api:
API
***

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.. _layouts:
=======
Layouts
=======
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
flex
grid